The Doctrine of Discernment and the Call to Expose False Teachers

The Doctrine of Discernment and the Call to Expose False Teachers

the-doctrine-of-discernment-and-the-call-to-expose-false-teachers

Introduction – The Critical Need for Discernment Today

If you spend any time in the broader Christian world, you will know that the very mention of certain names will stir up strong opinions. Say the name “Justin Peters,” and some will nod in appreciation, while others roll their eyes in frustration and anger. Bring up “John MacArthur,” “Todd Friel,” “Voddie Baucham,” “James White,” “Costi Hinn,” or “Phil Johnson,” and you may find the same split. Mention “Mike Winger,” “Alisa Childers,” “Jeff Durbin,” “Jordan Riley,” “Steven Kozar,” or “Chris Rosebrough,” and you will discover that these voices have both devoted followers and vocal critics.Why? Because these men and women have chosen to stand in a role that is unpopular in our current church climate, the role of a watchman. They are known for publicly confronting false teaching, naming names, and warning the flock about dangerous trends in theology and practice. In a time when the highest cultural virtue is often tolerance, and where niceness is prized above truth, such clarity can sound abrasive. Many accuse them of being unloving, divisive, or prideful.

Discernment work can indeed be done poorly, immaturely, without grace, or with an unnecessarily harsh tone. There are certainly some discernment personalities on YouTube channels and on blogs that take things too far and/or have a personal axe to grind, and we as believers in Christ need to be cautiously aware of them and give them a wide berth.

But when done biblically, discernment is one of the most loving things a Christian leader can do. Love warns. Love protects. A shepherd who refuses to warn about wolves is not loving; he is negligent.

“A dog that does not bark when there is danger is worthless to its master; so is a watchman who sees error and does not sound the alarm.”
– Charles H. Spurgeon

Scripture repeatedly commands us to “test everything” (1 Thessalonians 5:21), to “contend for the faith” (Jude 3), and to “take no part in the unfruitful works of darkness, but instead expose them” (Ephesians 5:11). Those who take up this charge are not troublemakers; they are protectors of the truth. Without voices willing to sound the alarm, churches are far more vulnerable to deception, error, and spiritual harm.

Yes, discernment preachers and apologists will always be controversial. They will not always be the most popular conference speakers, and they will often be accused of stirring division. The same could be said of the prophets, the apostles, and even of Christ Himself, who confronted false teachers head-on. In the end, the question is not whether the wider church finds them agreeable; it is whether what they say aligns with the Word of God.

I. The Biblical Foundation for Discernment

The call for discernment is not a minor sub-theme in Scripture; it is woven into the very fabric of what it means to be a faithful follower of God. From the Law and Prophets to the words of Jesus and the Apostles, the people of God are continually exhorted to separate truth from error, good from evil, and sound doctrine from falsehood. Discernment is not merely the skill of critical thinking; it is a spiritual discipline empowered by the Holy Spirit, grounded in the written Word, and practiced in the context of the covenant community.

It All Started Back at the Garden

In the Garden of Eden, the serpent’s first tactic was to distort God’s clear command. He asked Eve in Genesis 3, “Did God actually say…?”—subtly planting doubt about the truth and reliability of God’s Word. Then he twisted the command by minimizing God’s generosity, exaggerating His restriction, and outright denying the consequence God had promised. This ancient strategy – questioning, distorting, and contradicting God’s Word – remains the enemy’s pattern today.

Discernment begins by knowing God’s Word accurately so we can recognize when it is being misquoted or misapplied, just as Jesus countered Satan’s twisting of Scripture in the wilderness with “It is written.”

God’s Call for His People to Judge Rightly

Jesus Himself commanded, “Do not judge by appearances, but judge with right judgment” (John 7:24). This is not a contradiction to “Judge not” in Matthew 7:1, which addresses hypocritical and self-righteous judgment. Instead, John 7:24 affirms the necessity of evaluating situations, teachings, and people according to God’s standards rather than superficial impressions. The believer’s responsibility is not to suspend judgment entirely, but to make righteous judgments in alignment with God’s revealed truth.

Paul echoes this in 1 Thessalonians 5:21–22: “Test everything; hold fast what is good. Abstain from every form of evil.” This dual command assumes a process of careful examination and moral discrimination – to test is to weigh, to compare, and to decide. Likewise, Philippians 1:9–10 connects discernment directly to spiritual maturity: “It is my prayer that your love may abound more and more, with knowledge and all discernment, so that you may approve what is excellent.” Here, love and discernment are not opposites but companions; love that lacks discernment becomes naïve, while discernment without love becomes cold.

The Old Testament repeatedly warns against gullibility and calls for careful evaluation. Proverbs 14:15 states, “The simple believes everything, but the prudent gives thought to his steps.” In Proverbs 2:1–5, discernment is presented as a treasure to be sought diligently: “If you seek it like silver and search for it as for hidden treasures, then you will understand the fear of the Lord and find the knowledge of God.”

Other passages that command or commend discernment include:

  • Deuteronomy 13:1–5 – Testing prophets by their fidelity to God, not merely by their signs and wonders.
  • Isaiah 8:20“To the teaching and to the testimony! If they will not speak according to this word, it is because they have no dawn.”
  • Acts 17:11 – The Bereans are commended for examining the Scriptures daily to test Paul’s teaching.
  • Hebrews 5:14 – Maturity is marked by having powers of discernment “trained by constant practice to distinguish good from evil.”
  • 1 John 4:1“Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits to see whether they are from God.”

Discernment is never presented in Scripture as optional or as a “spiritual gift” reserved for a few. While some may have a heightened gifting in this area (1 Corinthians 12:10), every believer is called to practice it as a normal part of the Christian life.

“A true Christian will be discerning. If you’re not discerning, you’re not following the Lord Jesus, because He was the most discerning person who ever lived.”
– John MacArthur

The Holy Spirit’s Role in Discernment

Biblical discernment is not reducible to human reasoning or rhetorical skill; it is Spirit-empowered clarity and illumination that arises from immersion in God’s Word.

Paul explains in 1 Corinthians 2:14–16 that “the natural person does not accept the things of the Spirit of God… and he is not able to understand them because they are spiritually discerned.” The spiritual person – that is, one indwelt and governed by the Spirit – judges all things” because “we have the mind of Christ.” This does not mean infallibility, but it does mean that the Spirit equips believers with the capacity to evaluate teachings, motives, and cultural trends against the unchanging truth of God’s Word.

The Spirit’s work in discernment is always tethered to the Scriptures He inspired (2 Peter 1:21). Any “discernment” that detaches from the Bible is counterfeit, no matter how compelling it may sound. As Jesus prayed in John 17:17, “Sanctify them in the truth; your word is truth.”

Church history reinforces this point. The early creeds and councils were not the products of mere academic debate but of Spirit-led discernment applied to heretical distortions of Christ’s person and work. Athanasius stood against the world on the basis of biblical truth during the Arian controversy, proving that Spirit-empowered discernment often comes at the cost of public favor.

II. The Reality of False Teachers and Prophets

The reality of false teachers is not merely a contemporary issue; it is a persistent threat that spans the entire biblical record. From Genesis to Revelation, God’s Word warns His people about spiritual deception. Every generation of believers must face the uncomfortable truth that the enemy’s most effective work often comes from inside the religious community, not from obvious external opposition.

False Teachers Have Always Been Present

The Old Testament reveals that Israel’s greatest threats did not always come from foreign armies but from deceptive voices within their own ranks.

  • In Deuteronomy 13:1–5, God warns His people that even if a prophet or dreamer of dreams produces a sign or wonder, if his message leads them away from the worship of Yahweh, they are to reject him. The miraculous is never the standard of truth; the message’s fidelity to God’s revealed Word is.
  • Jeremiah 23:16–17 exposes prophets who speak visions of their own minds, not from the mouth of the Lord” and assure people of peace when judgment is coming.
  • Ezekiel 13 describes false prophets as those who “whitewash” flimsy walls – they create a façade of security but cannot withstand God’s judgment.
  • Micah 3:5–7 indicts leaders who declare peace when they are well fed but pronounce war when their needs are unmet, showing how greed and self-interest drive spiritual corruption.

The New Testament picks up this same theme with even greater urgency. Jesus Himself warns in Matthew 7:15, “Beware of false prophets, who come to you in sheep’s clothing but inwardly are ravenous wolves.” Here, the danger lies precisely in their disguise – they look like the flock but are predators at heart.

Paul’s farewell to the Ephesian elders in Acts 20:29–30 is one of the clearest apostolic warnings: “I know that after my departure fierce wolves will come in among you, not sparing the flock; and from among your own selves will arise men speaking twisted things, to draw away the disciples after them.”

Peter also warns in 2 Peter 2:1–3 that false teachers will “secretly bring in destructive heresies” and exploit people with fabricated words. Jude 4 echoes this, describing ungodly people who have “crept in unnoticed,” turning the grace of God into sensuality and denying Christ.

From Genesis 3 – where the serpent subtly distorted God’s Word – to the closing warnings of Revelation (Revelation 22:18–19), deception has been a constant spiritual battlefront.

Characteristics of False Teachers

While the forms of false teaching vary, Scripture paints a consistent portrait of their underlying traits.

  1. Twisting Scripture for Personal Gain
    • Paul condemns those who “tamper with God’s word” (2 Corinthians 4:2) and warns Timothy about those who “teach a different doctrine… imagining that godliness is a means of gain” (1 Timothy 6:3–5).
    • The misuse of Scripture is not always blatant; sometimes it is a matter of subtle redefinition, selective quotation, or omission of inconvenient truths.
  2. Self-Serving Motives
    • Titus 1:10–11 identifies “insubordinate, empty talkers and deceivers” who must be silenced because they are upsetting whole families, teaching for “shameful gain.”
    • Micah 3:11 describes leaders who “judge for a bribe,” priests who teach for a price, and prophets who tell fortunes for money.
  3. Popularity with the World
    • Jesus warns in Luke 6:26, “Woe to you, when all people speak well of you, for so their fathers did to the false prophets.” The desire for universal acceptance can be a mark of compromise.
    • False teachers often gain massive followings because they tell people what they want to hear (2 Timothy 4:3–4).
  4. Denial of Core Truths
    • 1 John 4:1–3 sets the Christological test for truth: any spirit that denies that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh is not from God.
    • Galatians 1:6–9 places a curse on anyone who preaches “another gospel,” even if it’s an angel from heaven.

“When you preach a false gospel, you’re not just making a mistake – you’re leading people to hell.”
– Costi Hinn

Biblical Case Studies of False Teachers

  • Balaam (Numbers 22–24; 31:16; 2 Peter 2:15; Jude 11) – A prophet motivated by greed, willing to compromise God’s truth for personal reward.
  • The Sons of Eli (1 Samuel 2:12–17) – Priests who exploited their position for personal indulgence.
  • Hananiah (Jeremiah 28) – A prophet who proclaimed peace when God had declared judgment.
  • Demas (2 Timothy 4:10) – Abandoned the ministry because he “loved this present world.”

The church’s history is, in many ways, a history of the truth being clarified in response to error. Just as in the days of the prophets and apostles, heresy has repeatedly arisen from within the visible church, requiring courageous believers to confront it. Here are notable examples:

1. Gnosticism (1st–3rd centuries)

  • Error: Claimed that salvation came through secret knowledge (gnosis) rather than through Christ’s atoning work. Denied the goodness of the material world, often rejecting the true humanity of Jesus.
  • Response: Early church fathers like Irenaeus wrote works such as Against Heresies to refute Gnostic teachings by appealing to the apostolic tradition and Scripture (especially John’s Gospel and 1 John).

2. Marcionism (2nd century)

  • Error: Founded by Marcion of Sinope, who rejected the Old Testament and edited the New Testament to remove anything he deemed “too Jewish.” Presented a false god of love distinct from the “harsh” Creator of the Old Testament.
  • Response: The church excommunicated Marcion, and his teaching spurred the early church to clarify the biblical canon and affirm the unity of the Old and New Testaments.

3. Montanism (2nd century)

  • Error: Founded by Montanus, who claimed to be the mouthpiece of the Holy Spirit, delivering new revelations that superseded Scripture. The movement emphasized extreme asceticism and claimed prophetic authority that rivaled the apostles.
  • Response: The church condemned Montanism, affirming that the canon of Scripture was closed and that new prophecy must be tested against apostolic teaching.

4. Arianism (4th century)

  • Error: Taught by Arius, who denied that the Son was co-eternal and of the same essence as the Father. Claimed Jesus was a created being, higher than humans but less than God.
  • Response: The Council of Nicaea (AD 325) affirmed the Son’s full divinity, producing the Nicene Creed, which declares Jesus to be “God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God.” Athanasius famously stood “contra mundum” (against the world) to defend this truth.

5. Nestorianism (5th century)

  • Error: Attributed to Nestorius, who wrongly divided Christ’s divine and human natures, resulting in two separate persons rather than one Person with two natures.
  • Response: Condemned at the Council of Ephesus (AD 431) and clarified at the Council of Chalcedon (AD 451) in the definition of the hypostatic union.

6. Pelagianism (5th century)

  • Error: Taught by Pelagius, who denied original sin and asserted that humans could choose good or evil without the aid of divine grace.
  • Response: Refuted by Augustine of Hippo, who emphasized the necessity of God’s grace for salvation. Condemned at the Council of Carthage (AD 418).

7. Medieval Indulgence Abuse (15th–16th centuries)

  • Error: Church leaders sold indulgences, promising reduced punishment for sin in exchange for money, twisting the doctrine of repentance.
  • Response: Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses (1517) protested the abuse, sparking the Protestant Reformation and recovering the biblical doctrine of justification by faith alone.

8. Socinianism (16th–17th centuries)

  • Error: Denied the Trinity, the deity of Christ, and the substitutionary atonement. Reduced Jesus to a moral teacher.
  • Response: Protestant confessions like the Westminster Confession of Faith and theologians such as Francis Turretin defended orthodox Trinitarian and atonement theology.

9. The Rise of Liberal Theology (19th century)

  • Error: Influenced by Enlightenment rationalism, many theologians denied the supernatural, reinterpreted miracles as myths, and reduced Christianity to moral lessons.
  • Response: Orthodox believers such as Charles Spurgeon in the “Downgrade Controversy” and J. Gresham Machen in the early 20th century defended the inspiration and authority of Scripture.

10. The Word of Faith and Prosperity Movement (20th–21st centuries)

  • Error: Teaches that faith is a force and that believers can claim health, wealth, and success through positive confession, often twisting Scripture to promote greed and self-exaltation.
  • Response: Modern discernment voices such as Justin Peters, Costi Hinn, Mike Winger, and others have exposed its doctrinal errors, calling believers back to a biblical understanding of suffering, stewardship, and God’s sovereignty.

III. The Biblical Mandate to Confront and Expose

Discernment in Scripture is never portrayed as a passive or purely private virtue. The Bible does not simply call believers to recognize falsehood; it commands us to reject it, to confront it, and to expose those who spread it. This is not an optional task for a select few with strong personalities – it is a calling for the whole church.

Confrontation is an Act of Love

Modern Western culture often equates love with tolerance and silence. But biblically, genuine love refuses to let others be deceived into destruction. Confrontation, when done in humility and truth, is an act of mercy.

  • Proverbs 27:5–6 says, “Better is open rebuke than hidden love. Faithful are the wounds of a friend; profuse are the kisses of an enemy.”
  • James 5:19–20 reminds us that turning a sinner from his wandering path will “save his soul from death and cover a multitude of sins.”
  • Jesus Himself modeled confrontation when He called the Pharisees “blind guides” and “whitewashed tombs” (Matthew 23:16, 27). His goal was not cruelty but exposing the spiritual danger they posed to others.

“The man who will not speak the truth to his brother for fear of offending him makes himself an accomplice to his sin.”
– A.W. Tozer

True Christian love is not mere emotional warmth; it is the willing sacrifice to speak truth, even when it costs us relational comfort or public approval.

Scripture Commands Us to Expose False Teaching

The apostolic witness makes it clear: tolerating false doctrine is never a neutral stance – it is disobedience to God.

  • Ephesians 5:11: “Take no part in the unfruitful works of darkness, but instead expose them.” The Greek verb elegchō means to reprove, convict, and bring to light.
  • Romans 16:17–18: “Watch out for those who cause divisions and create obstacles contrary to the doctrine that you have been taught; avoid them. For such persons do not serve our Lord Christ, but their own appetites, and by smooth talk and flattery they deceive the hearts of the naive.”
  • Titus 1:9–11 charges elders to “rebuke” those who contradict sound doctrine so that they may be sound in the faith.

God’s charge to elders/pastors:

“He must hold firm to the trustworthy word as taught, so that he may be able to give instruction in sound doctrine and also to rebuke those who contradict it. For there are many who are insubordinate, empty talkers and deceivers, especially those of the circumcision party. They must be silenced, since they are upsetting whole families by teaching for shameful gain what they ought not to teach.”
Titus 1:9–11

  • 2 Timothy 4:1–4 gives Timothy a solemn charge to “preach the word… reprove, rebuke, and exhort, with complete patience and teaching” because the time will come when people will not endure sound doctrine.

“Truth matters. If we lose the truth, we lose everything.”
– Mike Winger

Failure to confront false teaching is not a mark of kindness; it is negligence that endangers the souls of those under our influence.

Public Error Requires Public Rebuke

While private confrontation is often the first step in dealing with sin (Matthew 18:15–17), Scripture also gives us examples where public error demanded a public response.

  • Galatians 2:11–14 – Paul publicly opposed Peter when his behavior compromised the truth of the gospel.
  • 1 Timothy 5:20 – Paul instructs Timothy that elders who persist in sin should be rebuked “in the presence of all, so that the rest may stand in fear.”
  • Acts 13:6–12 – Paul directly calls out Elymas the magician, pronouncing God’s judgment because he “made crooked the straight paths of the Lord.”

In the age of social media, where false teaching spreads publicly and rapidly, public correction is often the only effective way to guard the flock.

Calling Out by Name is Biblical

Some Christians object to naming names, fearing it is uncharitable or divisive. Yet the Bible itself records examples of false teachers being explicitly identified.

  • 2 Timothy 2:17–18 – Paul warns about Hymenaeus and Philetus, who swerved from the truth.
  • 3 John 9–10 – The apostle John warns about Diotrephes, who refused apostolic authority.
  • Revelation 2:20 – Jesus names “that woman Jezebel” who misleads His servants.

Calling out dangerous teachers is not slander when the charges are true and based on Scripture. It is obedience to God’s protective call for His people.

The Misuse of “Touch Not the Lord’s Anointed”

One of the most common objections to confronting high-profile Christian leaders is the misapplication of 1 Chronicles 16:22 and Psalm 105:15“Touch not my anointed ones, do my prophets no harm.” Prosperity preachers and other questionable leaders often wield this verse to shield themselves from critique.

But in context, these verses recount God’s protection of the patriarchs in the Old Testament as they traveled in obedience to Him. “Touch” refers to physical harm, not verbal correction, and “anointed ones” refers to all of God’s covenant people in that context, not exclusively to kings or preachers.

Furthermore, the same David who respected Saul as God’s anointed still openly confronted him with the truth (1 Samuel 24:8–15). To confront error in a leader’s teaching is not to “touch” them in the sense condemned by Scripture; it is to obey God’s command to guard His people.

A Pattern from Church History

The historic church has recognized that silence in the face of falsehood is never virtuous.

  • Athanasius did not quietly tolerate Arianism; he resisted it at the risk of exile.
  • Martin Luther did not merely lament indulgences; he nailed his Ninety-Five Theses to the church door.
  • Charles Spurgeon withdrew from the Baptist Union rather than compromise over the inspiration of Scripture in the “Downgrade Controversy.”

“Error will never be suppressed by mere silence; it must be exposed and refuted.”
– John MacArthur

These examples remind us that the courage to confront is not arrogance – it is faithfulness.

IV. The Right Heart in Exercising Discernment

Exercising discernment is not simply about winning debates online – it is about being faithful to Christ in both truth and tone. Scripture does not permit us to wield truth as a weapon for personal pride or to indulge in a critical spirit. Instead, it calls us to speak the truth in love (Ephesians 4:15) and to do so with the same heart that Christ Himself displays: humble, compassionate, and committed to the good of others.

Guarding Against a Prideful Spirit

One of the greatest dangers in discernment ministry is allowing our knowledge to puff us up rather than produce love (1 Corinthians 8:1). If the exposure of error becomes a platform for self-importance, we have missed the very heart of Christ.

Paul warned the Galatians that those who restore others should do so “in a spirit of gentleness” while keeping watch on themselves, lest they too be tempted (Galatians 6:1). This means that discernment begins with self-examination – making sure our motives are pure and our own lives are in submission to the Word of God.

Speaking the Truth in Love

Ephesians 4:15 is often quoted but rarely applied with balance. Speaking the truth in love means that our aim is restoration and protection, not humiliation. It is possible to be biblically correct but spiritually destructive if our delivery lacks love.

“Truth and love are not enemies. They go hand in hand. If you separate them, you lose both.”

– Alisa Childers
  • Proverbs 15:1 teaches that “a soft answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger.”
  • Colossians 4:6 urges that our speech be “gracious, seasoned with salt” so that it gives grace to those who hear.

The right heart approaches the person in error as a soul in need of rescue, not an enemy to be crushed.

Imitating Christ’s Example

Jesus displayed remarkable balance in His confrontations. With the Pharisees, He spoke with piercing directness because their hardened hearts endangered others (Matthew 23). With the woman caught in adultery, He showed mercy while calling her to repentance (John 8:1–11). Discernment requires the wisdom to know when a strong rebuke is needed and when a gentle appeal is more fitting.

The Goal: Restoration and Protection

True discernment seeks two things:

  1. The restoration of the one in error – 2 Timothy 2:24–26 tells us that “the Lord’s servant must not be quarrelsome but kind to everyone… correcting his opponents with gentleness. God may perhaps grant them repentance leading to a knowledge of the truth.”
  2. The protection of the flock – Shepherds must guard the sheep even if the one causing harm refuses correction (Titus 3:10–11).

Both goals must be present. Discernment without a desire for restoration becomes cold and harsh. Discernment without a concern for protection becomes weak and compromising.

Avoiding the “Cage Stage” Mentality

Many who first discover theological truth enter what’s sometimes called the “cage stage” – a period of zealous overconfidence where they are convinced they must correct everyone, often without the maturity to do so wisely. You’ll sadly see this erroneous practice on social media and in the comments sections online. This phase can cause real damage to the perception of what Christians should be like.

“Zeal without knowledge is fire without light.”
– Thomas Brooks, 17th-century Puritan pastor

Passion is good, but passion without depth or humility can be destructive. The right heart is both courageous and teachable.

Prayerful Dependence on the Spirit

Discernment is ultimately a spiritual work, not just an intellectual one. It requires prayer, dependence on the Holy Spirit, and a willingness to let God’s Word search our own hearts first. Before confronting anyone, we should pray for wisdom (James 1:5), for the right words (Luke 12:12), and for the Spirit to open their heart to the truth (Acts 16:14).

V. The Role of the Church and Its Leaders

If discernment is a biblical mandate for every believer, it is an even greater calling for the local church and its leaders. God has entrusted pastors, elders, and overseers with the sacred duty of shepherding His flock – not only feeding them with truth but actively protecting them from spiritual predators. This is not a side responsibility; it is central to the office.

“Error will never be suppressed by mere silence; it must be exposed and refuted.”
– John MacArthur

Elders as Guardians of the Flock

The apostle Paul’s farewell to the Ephesian elders is one of the clearest pastoral job descriptions in the New Testament:

Acts 20:28–31“Pay careful attention to yourselves and to all the flock, in which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to care for the church of God, which He obtained with His own blood. I know that after my departure fierce wolves will come in among you, not sparing the flock; and from among your own selves will arise men speaking twisted things, to draw away the disciples after them. Therefore be alert…”

Paul’s language is urgent. The threat is not only external – “fierce wolves” will also rise from within. This means leaders must be both watchful and courageous, willing to confront danger regardless of where it comes from.

The Duty to Teach Sound Doctrine

The pastoral epistles repeatedly connect leadership to the preservation of sound doctrine:

  • Titus 1:9 – Elders must “hold firm to the trustworthy word as taught” so they can instruct in sound doctrine and refute those who oppose it.
  • 2 Timothy 2:15 – Leaders must rightly handle the word of truth, avoiding shame before God.
  • 1 Timothy 4:6 – A good servant of Christ nourishes himself and his people on sound teaching.

A shepherd’s work is not complete if he feeds the sheep but leaves the pasture open to poisonous weeds.

The Church’s Collective Role

Discernment is not the sole job of pastors. The entire congregation has a shared responsibility to test all teaching against Scripture.

  • 1 John 4:1“Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits…”
  • Acts 17:11 – The Bereans were commended for examining the Scriptures daily to verify Paul’s teaching.

A healthy church culture fosters biblical literacy and encourages respectful, Scripture-based dialogue. Leaders should welcome this rather than fear it.

Equipping the Saints for Discernment

Ephesians 4:11–16 gives the blueprint: pastors and teachers are to equip the saints so they will not be “tossed to and fro” by every wind of doctrine. This equipping involves:

  • Systematic teaching of Scripture
  • Training in how to study the Bible
  • Addressing current theological errors head-on
  • Modeling how to engage error with both courage and grace

Exercising Authority Biblically

Some leaders avoid naming false teaching because they fear being accused of being divisive. But biblical authority is never self-serving; it is self-sacrificial.

John 10:11–15 shows the Good Shepherd as the model: He lays down His life for the sheep. The hireling runs when the wolf comes, but the true shepherd stays and fights. Ignoring false teaching in the name of “peace” is not humility; it is abandoning the post.

Historical Witness

Faithful leaders throughout history have understood that guarding the gospel is worth any personal cost:

  • Ignatius of Antioch (2nd century) warned of heretics who bore Christ’s name deceptively while corrupting the faith.
  • Athanasius (4th century) stood almost alone in defending Christ’s deity during the Arian crisis.
  • John Owen (17th century) wrote extensively against false doctrine, warning that tolerating error in leadership will inevitably corrupt the congregation.

Leaders in every generation have recognized that loving Christ’s flock means confronting those who threaten it.

VI. Common Objections and Biblical Responses

When Christians speak out against false teaching, they often face pushback – sometimes even from fellow believers. These objections sound spiritual on the surface, but when tested against Scripture, they fail. Below are some of the most common, along with biblical answers.

1. “Judge not.”

This comes from Matthew 7:1, where Jesus says, “Judge not, that you be not judged. Many stop reading here, but in context, Jesus is warning against hypocritical judgment – condemning others while ignoring one’s own sin.

Just a few verses later, He instructs, “Do not give dogs what is holy” (v. 6) and warns to “beware of false prophets” (v. 15). Both commands require discernment and evaluation.

Paul openly judged and named false teachers in 1 Timothy 1:19–20 and 2 Timothy 2:16–18. The issue is not judgment itself but judgment done in a self-righteous, unrepentant spirit.

2. “Touch not the Lord’s anointed.”

We’ve already analyzed this one above, but it bears repeating.

This phrase comes from 1 Chronicles 16:22 and Psalm 105:15, where God says, “Touch not my anointed ones, do my prophets no harm.” In context, this refers to God’s chosen patriarchs and the covenant people of Israel being protected from physical harm by surrounding nations.

It is not a blanket immunity for modern preachers to avoid accountability. The New Testament holds leaders to an even higher standard of scrutiny (James 3:1, 1 Timothy 3, Titus 1:9). If someone’s teaching is contrary to Scripture, calling it out is obedience to God, not rebellion against His anointing.

3. “We should focus on unity, not division.”

Unity is biblical, but unity in error is not. Paul commands the church to be “of the same mind” (Philippians 2:2), but that unity is rooted in truth, not compromise.

Romans 16:17 says to “watch out for those who cause divisions and create obstacles contrary to the doctrine that you have been taught; avoid them.” In other words, the false teacher is the one causing division – not the one exposing them.

4. “God will deal with them – it’s not our place.”

Yes, God will ultimately judge every false teacher (2 Peter 2:1–3), but He has also appointed His people as watchmen. Ezekiel 33:7–9 shows that if the watchman sees danger and fails to warn, he is guilty of negligence.

Passages like Titus 1:9–11 explicitly command elders to “rebuke” those who contradict sound doctrine, “silencing” them for the protection of the flock. Remaining silent is not faithfulness, but disobedience.

5. “Calling people out is unloving.”

Love and truth are inseparable. 1 Corinthians 13:6 says that love “does not rejoice at wrongdoing, but rejoices with the truth.” To let someone persist in deception without warning them is the opposite of love.

Jesus confronted the Pharisees directly in Matthew 23, pronouncing woes upon them for leading people astray. His harshest words were reserved for those in spiritual authority who misrepresented God.

6. “We should only talk about what we’re for, not what we’re against.”

While it’s important to proclaim the beauty of the gospel, the New Testament contains numerous warnings alongside its affirmations. Entire sections of Galatians, 2 Peter, Jude, and the pastoral epistles are devoted to naming and refuting error.

Paul’s example in Acts 20:26–27 is instructive – he declared the whole counsel of God, which included warning night and day with tears about wolves among the flock.

“Silence in the face of evil is itself evil. Not to speak is to speak. Not to act is to act.”

– Attributed to Dietrich Bonhoeffer or Charles Spurgeon

VII. The Cost of Discernment and the Call to Faithfulness

Speaking the truth in love is rarely met with applause. Scripture repeatedly shows that confronting error comes with a price – both in relationships and in personal comfort. Yet faithfulness to Christ and His Word demands that we bear that cost willingly.

Opposition From Within and Without

Those who stand for truth should expect resistance from both the world and sometimes the visible church. Jesus promised as much in John 15:18–20“If the world hates you, know that it has hated me before it hated you.”

Paul likewise warned in 2 Timothy 4:3–4 that a time would come when people “will not endure sound teaching, but having itching ears they will accumulate for themselves teachers to suit their own passions.” That time is not coming – it is here.

Misunderstanding and Mislabeling

Discernment-minded believers are often accused of being “divisive,” “critical,” or “unloving.” Ironically, these same labels were attached to the prophets, apostles, and even Jesus Himself when they confronted falsehood.

Jeremiah was branded a traitor (Jeremiah 38), Paul was accused of being a pestilent troublemaker (Acts 24:5), and Jesus was slandered as demon-possessed (John 8:48). Faithfulness will never win universal approval.

The Temptation to Stay Silent

Silence is easier. Speaking out risks friendships, ministry positions, and even employment for some. Yet Ezekiel’s watchman warning still applies (Ezekiel 33:7–9): the one who sees danger and does not warn bears responsibility for the harm that follows.

“The watchman who keeps silent when he sees a wolf coming is the man who is a traitor to the flock.”

-JC Ryle

The Reward of Faithfulness

While the earthly cost of discernment can be high, the eternal reward is far greater. To hear “Well done, good and faithful servant” (Matthew 25:21) from the lips of Christ is worth every moment of discomfort, misunderstanding, or rejection we endure here.

Paul could say at the end of his ministry, “I have fought the good fight, I have finished the race, I have kept the faith” (2 Timothy 4:7). That is the legacy of a life lived with uncompromising commitment to the truth.

A Call to Stand Firm

Discernment is not about winning arguments or building a platform – it is about loving God, loving His people, and protecting His gospel. Every believer is called to this in some measure, and leaders especially must embrace it as central to their calling.

1 Corinthians 16:13–14 gives a fitting charge: “Be watchful, stand firm in the faith, act like men, be strong. Let all that you do be done in love.”

Faithfulness in discernment is not optional – it is obedience. And in an age where truth is traded for relevance, obedience will always be costly. But it will also always be worth it.

Practical Steps for Faithful Discernment

  1. Know the Scriptures deeply (Psalm 119:11; 2 Timothy 2:15) – Read, study, meditate, and apply God’s Word so you can recognize truth from error instantly.
  2. Test every teaching (Acts 17:11; 1 John 4:1) – Be like the Bereans. Compare every sermon, podcast, and book to the text of Scripture.
  3. Stay in healthy fellowship (Hebrews 10:24–25) – Isolation breeds vulnerability. Walk closely with other mature believers.
  4. Pray for wisdom (James 1:5) – God promises to give generously to those who ask in faith.
  5. Use trusted resources – Learn from faithful teachers, and always measure what they say against the Word of God.

“Preach the word; be ready in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, and exhort, with complete patience and teaching. For the time is coming when people will not endure sound teaching.”

2 Timothy 4:2–3

VIII. Watch, Stand, and Speak

Discernment is not a niche ministry for a select few. It is the duty of every follower of Jesus Christ. To know the truth is to be responsible for it. When we see error creeping into the church, whether through subtle compromise or blatant heresy, our silence is not neutrality. It is surrender.

Throughout this study, we have seen that God’s Word calls His people to watch carefully, test everything, and speak up when the truth is under attack. From the prophets of old to the apostles of the New Testament, the faithful have always confronted falsehood, often at great personal cost. And they did so not to build their own platforms, but because they loved God’s glory and the eternal good of His people.

We live in an age when doctrinal clarity is often traded for cultural approval. Yet the call of Christ has not changed. Our Lord still commands, “Be watchful, stand firm in the faith, act like men, be strong. Let all that you do be done in love” (1 Corinthians 16:13–14). Love does not rejoice at wrongdoing, but rejoices with the truth (1 Corinthians 13:6). And that means love will always defend the truth.

Discernment, when exercised with humility and courage, is an act of deep compassion. It guards the flock from wolves, keeps the gospel pure, and honors the Savior who bought the church with His blood. The alternative (apathy, compromise, or fear of man) leaves the sheep exposed and the truth obscured.

So watch. Stand. Speak. Saturate yourself in Scripture. Test every teaching. Stay in fellowship with God’s people. Pray for wisdom. Use trusted, faithful resources. And when you must confront error, do it with the gentleness of Christ, the firmness of the apostles, and the boldness of the prophets.

The days ahead will require clear eyes, steady hands, and brave hearts. May we be found faithful, no matter the cost, until we hear those words from our Master: “Well done, good and faithful servant… enter into the joy of your master” (Matthew 25:23).

Recommended Discernment Resources and Teachers

These preachers, apologists, and Bible teachers are known for faithfully handling Scripture and equipping believers to grow in biblical discernment. Always compare everything with the Word of God.

Justin Peters Ministries

Focus: Word of Faith, prosperity gospel, and false healing movements

John MacArthur – Grace to You

Focus: Expository preaching and biblical authority

Voddie Baucham Ministries

Focus: Biblical preaching and cultural apologetics

Costi Hinn – For the Gospel

Focus: Refuting the prosperity gospel and pastoral training

Mike Winger – BibleThinker

Focus: Verse by verse Bible teaching and apologetics

Alisa Childers

Focus: Exposing progressive Christianity and defending the faith

Chris Rosebrough – Fighting for the Faith

Focus: Discernment commentary and critique of false teaching

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